The Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) is a partly automated cargo spacecraft. It is a major European contribution to the International Space Station (ISS), and the most complex vehicle ever developed by ESA. It is 3 times larger than a Russian Progress vessel and the second largest vehicle to reach the ISS, after the American shuttles. It is thus a major technological breakthrough for replenishing the ISS.

A dedicated Ariane 5 launched the first ATV spacecraft, called Jules Verne, on March 9, 2008. Its docking with the Russian Zvezda module on April 4, 2008 was a perfectly controlled technological feat. 7 months later, Jules Vernes  was guided by the the ATV Control Center to a destructive re-entry into the atmosphere.

The ATV regularly ferries 8 tons of freight (fuel, water, scientific equipment and other supplies) to the ISS. The cargo remains docked to the ISS for several months while its cargo is unloaded, and its then filled with waste from the station, before heading towards a deliberate disintegration in the Earth's atmosphere during re-entry phase. While docked, it is used to restore the station's nominal attitude with its thrusters when necessary, for example to avoid a collision.

The ATV Control Centre (ATV-CC) has been installed since 2002 at the Toulouse Space Centre. Managed by CNES on behalf of ESA, the ATV-CC conducts operations and coordinates all ground facilities during ATV flights, in coordination with the ISS control centres in Moscow and Houston, which are indispensable partners for the ATV project.

In particular, the ATV-CC draws up the mission plan and then prepares and validates control systems. It tracks every phase of ATV flights, including docking with the ISS, orbit stabilization and transfer manoeuvres, and at the end of the mission, releasing from the ISS, deorbiting and atmospheric re-entry.

After the successful first mission of the Jules Verne, the ATV-CC is now gearing up for the flight of its successor, Johannes Kepler, scheduled to launch end 2010. ATV missions are scheduled every 18 months and they will gradually be relied on more and more to supply the ISS.

_{Last updated : December 2009}